考研英语惯用衔接必备知识

一、惯用衔接知识必备 正如前面所述，惯用衔接在试题中主要体现为动词与介词、副词，名词与介词、名词，介词与名词，形容词与介词等的固定搭配，下面我们来分别举例说明。 ( 一 ) 动词与介词的搭配 此种搭配在惯用衔接题型中出现的频率最高，因此考生在复习时要给予特

一、惯用衔接知识必备

正如前面所述，惯用衔接在试题中主要体现为动词与介词、副词，名词与介词、名词，介词与名词，形容词与介词等的固定搭配，下面我们来分别举例说明。

(一)动词与介词的搭配

此种搭配在惯用衔接题型中出现的频率最高，因此考生在复习时要给予特别重视。

例：The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which makes the European Convention on Human Rigthts legally binding in Britain, laid down that everybody was       to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families. (2001。45)

［A］ authorized              ［B］ credited          ［C］ entitled           ［D］ qualified

答案为［C］。注意to后面是名词privacy，因此判断to是介词，而不是动词不定式符号。be entitled to sth.是固定表达方式，意思是“有权利做…，有权利享受…”，在句中表示每个人都有隐私权。［A］ be authorized to do sth.“被授权做…”，其中to是不定式符号，不是介词符号，语法不符；［B］ be credited to sth.“相信…有”，语义不符，不能说每个人都被相信有隐私权；［D］ be qualified to do sth.“有资格，能胜任…”，to 是不定式符号，语法不符。

做此类题时一般要注意两点：一是看四个选项中哪个能和所给介词构成固定搭配；二是紧密联系上下文，所选择的动词含义必须符合语境。

(二)动词与副词的搭配

例：When a number of people       together in a conversational knot, each individual expresses his position in the group by where he stands. (1997.40)

［A］ pad               ［B］ pack              ［C］ squeeze          ［D］ cluster

答案为［D］。本题考查意义相近的动词的确切含义，［A］ pad“垫好，填装”；pack“挤进，装满”，后面常跟介词into；［C］ squeeze“压，挤塞”；［D］ cluster“群集在”，四个选项中能与句中的together搭配使用的只有cluster, 表示人或物聚集在一起。

可见，做这类题时只知道动词的含义是不够的，还要知道它们的一些固定搭配。

（三）名词与介词的搭配

例：He must use this surplus in three ways：as seed for sowing，as an insurance the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to replace old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to feed the soil. (2000.43)

［A］ for              ［B］ against                  ［C］ of              ［D］ towards

答案为［B］。insurance后面的介词有时用for，有时用against。当为某种(好)事物设立保险时，应用for，当投保险是为了防范某种不利因素时要用against。本句中的unpredictable effects of bad weather提示这里的介词应用against，与insurance构成固定搭配。

注意这类题有时是要考生根据所给介词来选择名词，这时既要看它们之间的固定搭配，又要根据上下文的语境来选择语义合适的名词。

（四）名词与名词的搭配

例：The post-World War Ⅱ baby       resulted in a 43 percent increase in the number of teenagers in the 1960s and 1970s.

［A］ boost                     ［B］ boom              ［C］ production             ［D］ prosperity

答案为［B］。四个单词有两个单词与繁荣有关，但侧重有所不同。prosperity指经济繁荣、昌盛，强调事情做得很成功；而boom也可以指经济的繁荣，侧重繁荣的时期，也可以指急剧增加、上升，如出国热、兼职热、生育高峰期。这里指出生率问题，应该是boom。其他单词如boost(推进，发展)，production(产量)与话题不符。

这类题中，前一个名词一般充当的是定语，关键就是要辨析前后两个名词的用法和含义及它们之间构成的固定搭配。

（五）介词与名词的搭配

例：        contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to 1750, when England was still a completely agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.(1998.45)

［A］ On                     ［B］ With              ［C］ For                ［D］ By

答案为［D］。四个选项中只有by可与contrast搭配，意为“对比之下”，这里指1650年至1750年工业化以前的这100年间，人们富有繁荣的生活与1750年至1850年工业化的这100年间人们遭受的穷困和苦难进行对比。contrast还可与in搭配，in contrast相当于by contrast。

解决这类题就是要看哪个介词能和所给名词构成固定搭配。

（六）形容词与介词的搭配

例：The judge ruled that the evidence was inadmissible on the grounds that it was       to the issue at hand.(1999.39)

［A］ irrational         ［B］ unreasonable          ［C］ invalid                   ［D］ irrelevant

答案为［D］。irrational“没有理性的，不理智的”；unreasonable“不合理的, 不切实际的”；invalid“无实际效力的”；irrelevant“不相关的”。所填词与介词to搭配，四个选项中只有irrelevant符合，另外，证据不能被接受只能是因为其与案件无关，所以选［D］。

这类题的选择仍然是要从词义和固定搭配两方面入手。

二、题型专项训练

1.He is too young to be able to       between right and wrong.(2001.11)

［A］ discard           ［B］ discern                  ［C］ disperse          ［D］ disregard

2.The chairman of the board       on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ.(2001.15)

［A］ compelled              ［B］ posed                           ［C］ pressed          ［D］ tempted

3.Conversation becomes weaker in a society that spends so much time listening and being talked to       it has all but lost the will and the skill to speak for itself. (2001.9)

［A］ as                     ［B］ which                          ［C］ that                ［D］ what

4.Greatly agitated，I rushed to the apartment and tried the door，       to find it locked.(2000.2)

［A］ just                     ［B］ only                     ［C］ hence                    ［D］ thus

5.Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods，you are not entitled        a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery. (2000.4)

［A］ to                     ［B］ with                     ［C］ for                     ［D］ on

6.The roles expected       old people in such a setting give too few psychological satisfactions for normal happiness.(2000.7)

［A］ of                     ［B］ on                     ［C］ to                            ［D］ with

7.It wasn’t so much that I disliked her       that I just wasn’t interested in the whole business. (2000.9)

［A］ rather                    ［B］ so                     ［C］ than                     ［D］ as

8.The capital intended to broaden the export base and       efficiency gains from international trade was channeled instead into uneconomic import substitution.(2000.26)

［A］ secure                   ［B］ extend                   ［C］ defend                   ［D］ possess

9.Many great scientists       their success to hard work. (2004.1 CET-6)

［A］ portray           ［B］ ascribe                  ［C］ impart                   ［D］ acknowledge

10.The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs        it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.(2000.37)

［A］ renders           ［B］ reckons          ［C］ regards           ［D］ relates

11.        to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of the continent are still covered with thick forests.(2000.33)

［A］ Orientation             ［B］ Access                  ［C］ Procession             ［D］ Voyage

12.One’s university days often appear happier in than they actually were at the time. (2003.9 CET-6)

［A］ retention         ［B］  retrospect              ［C］  return             ［D］  reverse

13.She       through the pages of a magazine, not really concentrating on them. (2003.9 CET-6)

［A］ tumbled          ［B］ tossed                   ［C］  switched        ［D］ flipped

14.The Chinese Red Cross       a generous sum to the relief of the victims of the earthquake in Turkey. (2003.9 CET-6)

［A］ administered       ［B］  elevated          ［C］ assessed         ［D］  contributed

15.Corporations and labor unions have       great benefits upon their employees and members as well as upon the general public. (1999.37)

［A］ conferred              ［B］ granted           ［C］ flung                     ［D］ submitted

16.The city is an important railroad       and industrial and convention center.(1999.34)

［A］ conjunction            ［B］ network         ［C］ junction          ［D］ link

17.Tom’s mother tried hard to persuade him to       from his intention to invest his savings in stock market.(1999.29)

［A］ pull out          ［B］ give up           ［C］ draw in            ［D］ back down

18.In education there should be a good       among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgement. (1999.24)

［A］ distribution                                                      ［B］ balance

［C］ combination                                               ［D］ assignment

19.Marlin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about       compliments to his political leaders. (1999.9)

［A］ paying                                                             ［B］ having paid    

［C］ to pay                                                          ［D］ to have paid

20.Although I had been invited to the opening ceremony, I was unable to attend       such short notice.(1999.6)

［A］ to                     ［B］ in                      ［C］ with                     ［D］ on

21.This is an exciting area of study, and one       which new applications are being discovered almost daily.(1999.4)

［A］ from                     ［B］ by                      ［C］ in                      ［D］ through

22.He must either sell some of his property or seek extra funds in the form of loans.Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low       of interest，but loans of this kind are not frequently obtainable.(2000.49)

［A］ proportion             ［B］ percentage            ［C］ rate                     ［D］ ratio

23.Successful safety programs may       greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program.(1999.45)

［A］ alter                      ［B］ differ                     ［C］ shift                     ［D］ distinguish

24.Our reporter has just called to say that rescue teams will to bring out the trapped miners. (2004.1 CET-6)

［A］ effect                    ［B］ affect                    ［C］ conceive         ［C］ endeavour

25.The Spanish team, who are not in superb form, will be doing their best next week to       themselves on the German team for last year’s defeat. (2004.1 CET-6)

［A］ remedy           ［B］ reproach         ［C］ revive                    ［D］ revenge

26.Specialists       history and economics have shown two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was marked by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.(1998.48)

［A］ at                      ［B］ in                      ［C］ about                     ［D］ for

27.In what       to a last minute stay of execution, a council announced that emergency funding would keep alive two aging satellites. (1998.40)

［A］ applies            ［B］ accounts        ［C］ attaches          ［D］ amounts

28.Please       yourself from smoking and spitting in public places, since the law forbids them.(1998.31)

［A］ restrain           ［B］ hinder                   ［C］ restrict                  ［D］ prohibit

29.Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his       to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied. (1998.30)

［A］ comment        ［B］ reaction          ［C］ impression             ［D］ comprehension

30.A thorough study of biology requires