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英语综合试卷 （共4页） Part One Linguistics I. Explain each of the following terms with at least one appropriate examples. 1. bound morpheme 2. derivational affix. 3. allophone 4. phatic communication 5. metalingual function 6. assimilation 7. langu
英语综合试卷
（共4页）
Part One Linguistics
I. Explain each of the following terms with at least one appropriate examples.
1. bound morpheme
2. derivational affix.
3. allophone
4. phatic communication
5. metalingual function
6. assimilation
7. langue Vs. parole
8. descriptive Vs. prescriptive
9. synchronic Vs. diachronic
10. competence Vs. performance
11. signifier Vs. signified
12. minimal pairs
13. phoneme
14. predication analysis
15. endocentric construction
II. What is IC analysis? Explain its advantages with at least one example.
(a).I saw my former teacher yesterday
(b). I saw someone yesterday.
III. What truth conditions holds between the following sentences?(e.g, entailment or presupposition? )How can it be demonstrated?
IV. Here are eleven English phonemes: /s/,/h/,/f/,/b/,/m/,/w/,/y/,/u/,/o/,/i/,/e/.
Chose those phonemes that correspond to the following feature specitications:
(a).—BACK
(b). +TENSE
(a)
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(a).+FRICATIVE
(b). —VOICE
(b)
(a).+BACK
(b). +ROUND
(e)
(d)
(a).+BILABIAL
(b). +VOICE
(c)
+GLIDE
V. What is the main idea of Cooperative Principle? Which maxim does the following conversation flout in terms of CP? What implicature can we draw from B’s response?
A:“You still use this car, honestly? ”
B:“Well, it’s got four wheels and a steering wheel.”
VI. Write down the possible sentences that can be generated by applying the following phrase structure rules.
S …… NP+VP
NP …… Det+N
VP …… V+NP
Det …… the
N …… boy, girl
V …… hit, help.
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VII. Try to state the main qualities of modern linguistics
VIII. How do you understand the notion of context?
Part Two Literature
I. Explain each of the following literary terms with at least one example:
1. Epic
2. Classicism
3. Romanticism
4. Autobiography
5. Stanza
II. Give brief explanations to the following authors and their literary works.
1. John Steinbeck
2. Nathaniel Hawthorne
3. Jack London
4. Saul Bellow
5. Ernest Hemingway
Part Three Close
Directions: For each numbered blank is the following passage, there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the best one and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage I.
Nobody should suppose that good writing—the kind that says what it means while being pleasant to read—has ever been easy, or that once upon a time, in the golden age, every one who could write wrote well. –I-I think it true that ordinary writing today is radically -2-than it has ever been in the past; that it most often fails -3-its purpose, which is purpose, which is communication; and that it rarely -4-pleasure.
The reasons for this falling off are many. Poor schooling is not alone –5- .The modem school only reflects and concentrates in its misdirected -6-the ideas and attitudes –7-in society. In short, the cause of our bad writing is cultural first and only -8-instructional. Teachers and parents do no more than -9-the bad habits and had intentions they -10-and pursue in the ordinary world.
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1 A and B Yet C So D. Thus
2 A worse B better C easier D shorter
3 A for B on C to D of
4 A presents B offers C affords D furnishes
5 A reasonable B incompatible C responsible D reproachable
6 A persuits B efforts C intentions D indications
7 A prevailing B privileging C scattering D distributing
8 A previously B principally C spontaneously D secondarily
9 A transfer B transform C transmit D tranplant
10 A cultivate B share C initiate D create
Passage II. “Communication” and “information” are without doubt two key words of our time. Any human relationship or any activity implies a process of communication. All knowledge 11 information on what is happening or on what is being said, done or thought. 12 is new today, however, is the scale and development of this phenomenon, and the amount of attention now being 13 to it. Interpersonal communication has been 14 by mass communication, 15 the amount of information transferred and the size of its public. 16 this information is carried by the mass media newspapers, radio, television it 17 the direct control of the user, who is unable to check it , change it or give an immediate 18 Between these two extreme forms of communication direct person to person communication and indirect communication between the public and medium all areas of human activity are 19 a whole series of institutions with the capability and duty of communicating knowledge, including the family, the education system, the system of administration and so 20.
11.A)consists in B)diviates from C)begins with D)transforms into
12.A)what B)It C)Whatever D)One thing
13. A)paid B)offered C)applied D)extended
14. A)replaced B)supplied C)supplemented D)distorted
15. A)has distinguished B)distinguished by C)to distinguish D)distinguishing
16. A)Even if B)Although C)Since D)No matter how
17 A) avoids B)escapes C)attracts D)repels
18 A)answer B)reply C)reaction D)response
19 A)provided for B)provided in C)provided by D)provided with
20 A)so B)far C)forth D)much